
Ep. 1412 Marco Gandini Narrates Pt. 19 | Italian Wine Unplugged 2.0
Italian Wine Unplugged 2.0
Episode Summary
Content Analysis Key Themes and Main Ideas 1. The historical evolution of viticulture and wine consumption in Trentino and South Tyrol. 2. The geographical, geological, and climatic characteristics influencing winemaking in Trentino Alto Adige. 3. Key historical milestones, including the Roman era, Middle Ages, and the Council of Trent, and their impact on local wine culture. 4. Significant challenges faced by the region's viticulture, such as ""American diseases"" and economic depressions. 5. The role of research and educational institutions in the development and recovery of the winemaking industry. 6. Specific grape varieties and traditional winemaking practices unique to the Trentino Alto Adige region. Summary This segment, presented as an excerpt from ""Italian Wine Unplugged 2.0,"" delves deeply into the historical and geographical context of winemaking in Trentino Alto Adige. It traces the earliest evidence of wine consumption in the region back to Etruscan and Roman times, highlighting the importance of wine exports beyond the Alps during the Roman Empire and continued prominence through the Middle Ages. The text emphasizes the Council of Trent's role in modernizing the region's agricultural system and viticulture, leading to new commercial markets and documenting early grape varieties like Garganega, Moscato, Malvasia, and Marzemino. It discusses the impact of diseases like powdery mildew and phylloxera, as well as the crucial contributions of institutions like the Istituto Agrario di San Michele all'Adige in agricultural reconstruction and viticultural research. The analysis then transitions to the region's unique geography, geology, and climate, describing it as an almost entirely mountainous area influenced by the Alpine system and quaternary glaciation. It categorizes Trentino Alto Adige into four climatic areas, from sub-Mediterranean to Alpine, and explains how viticulture is limited to valley floors and lower slopes but is increasingly recovering abandoned areas at higher altitudes. Specific examples of viticulture in areas like Santa Maddalena, Terlano, and the Adige Valley are provided, detailing the unique conditions and grape varieties cultivated, such as Gewürztraminer at high altitudes and Marzemino on basaltic soils near Isera. The text concludes by highlighting the excellence of the region's wine and agricultural research. Takeaways - Evidence of wine consumption in Trentino dates back to the 4th-6th centuries BC, predating the Roman presence. - The Roman era saw prolific commercial expansion of Trentino wines, with exports reaching beyond the Alps. - The Council of Trent (1545-1563) significantly modernized the region's agricultural system and viticulture, opening new commercial markets. - Michelangelo Mariani, a chronicler of the Council of Trent, documented early indigenous grape varieties in the region, including Garganega, Moscato, Malvasia, and Marzemino. - ""American diseases"" (powdery mildew, downy mildew, phylloxera) caused a major setback for local agriculture in the 19th century. - Institutions like the Istituto Agrario di San Michele all'Adige (founded 1869) and the Laimburg Center for Agriculture and Forestry Experimentation (since 1971) have been fundamental to viticultural recovery and research. - Trentino Alto Adige is a mountainous region with diverse microclimates, from sub-Mediterranean to Alpine, influencing viticulture. - Viticulture is primarily found on valley floors and lower, well-exposed alpine slopes, with a recent trend towards higher-altitude vineyards. - Unique viticultural areas include those cultivating Gewürztraminer at 700-1000m on morainic soils and Marzemino on basaltic soils in the Isera area. - The region's geology is characterized by the Insubric line, separating metamorphic rocks to the north from sedimentary rocks to the south, impacting soil composition. Notable Quotes - ""Wheat for three months and wine for three years."" (An old saying reflecting the historical importance of wine) - ""Pour out the wine! Excellent, Marzemino!"" (A line from the opera Don Giovanni, citing the local wine) - ""All or almost all the territory of Trentino... produces estimable wines... with a constant effect, wind that coming almost entirely from the slopes."" (Michelangelo Mariani on Trentino wine production circa 1546) - ""The beauty of Italy is this great wealth of unique native grape varieties."" (A general statement from the introductory promotion, applicable to the detailed discussion of indigenous varieties.) Related Topics or Follow-up Questions 1. How have modern winemaking techniques evolved in Trentino Alto Adige since the historical periods described? 2. What specific adaptations or innovations have vineyards at increasingly higher altitudes employed to succeed? 3. Beyond the mentioned institutions, what other regional or national policies support viticultural research and development? 4. How do the unique geological formations and climatic zones of Trentino Alto Adige influence the taste profiles of its wines? 5. What are the current commercial trends and export markets for Trentino Alto Adige wines today?
About This Episode
The history and success of Italian wine is highlighted in the supplemental transcript, including the rise of wine culture in the western Italian region and the localievational community's shaping of the region's wine culture. The Lineboard Center for Agriculture and forestry experimentation in the region is discussed, along with the infrastructure behind it and the availability of Italian wine podcasts. The decline of Lineboard Center for Agriculture and forestry experimentation is also highlighted, along with the infrastructure behind it and the geology and culture of the region. Visitors are encouraged to donate through the Italian wine podcast website.
Transcript
Hey, guys. Check out Italian wine unplugged two point o brought to you by Mama jumbo shrimp, a fully updated second edition, reviewed and revised by an expert panel of certified Italian wine ambassadors from across the globe. The book also includes an addition by professoria Atilio Shenza. Italy's leading vine geneticist. To pick up a copy today, just head to Amazon dot com or visit us at mama jumbo shrimp dot com. For all the super wine geeks out there, we have a special new series dedicated to you. We are reading excerpts from our new addition of Italian wine unplugged two point o. Wine lovers tune in for your weekly fix only on Italian wine podcast. If you want to own a copy of this new must read Italian wine textbook, just go to amazon dot com or visit us at mama jumbo shrimp dot com. Historical background. Leaving aside the findings of wild grape seeds in pine dwelling settlements and in neolithic shelters that testify to the elementary use of wild grapes in browse age populations The first evidence of wine consumption prior to the Roman presence dates back to the fourth to six centuries BC evidenced by the eighteen twenty five discovery of an etruscan sutra and elaborate bucket shaped vessel in Chimbra, a small municipality that gives its name to the valley and to the same name, and by fragments found in Sanzeno with Since of higher on the mean connected to the offering of drinks and the excitation of drinking. Plinging the elder tells how Tarantino wines were stored in wooden barrels tied with wicker hoops and as confirmed by the remains found north of Bolzano on the slopes of the Ripna Horn. The prosperity that wine growing enjoyed during Roman era inspired a prolific commercial expansion directing wine exports to the territories beyond the Alps as demonstrated by the discovery of a tombstone in Paso, Germany dating back to the second or third century AD. The fame of Trentino and South Terrolean wines continued during the middle ages and is confirmed by the cholesterol deeds and material deeds which show that starting in seven hundred twenty AD, the monasteries of Valaria and Swabia purchased Latino vineyards to ensure reliable supplies of wine. The first rules for regulating the grape harvests also date back to this period. While in eleven hundred, the statucci Ditrento were promulgated to prevent the importation of wines produced in the surrounding areas. Another important milestones from the area was the Council of Trent. The ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church, which between fifteen forty five and fifteen sixty three made Trento one of the most important places in Christianity. For eighteen years, the city was inhabited by the most senior exponents of the church and the empire, amongst them, a host of luminaries and advisors whose presence helped to shape the very culture of the city, still tied in some respects to the middle ages, which elsewhere had already given way to the renaissance. This changed involved Viticulture itself, which was oriented towards self consumption and archaic forms of cultivation and wine making. Meaning the wise on offer were of a very little lineage to those the noble cardinal palates were more accustomed to. Hosting the council led to a sudden modernization of the region's agricultural system which in turn contributed to the opening up of a new commercial markets. Among the wines of the period was the Vincanto, which is still produced today using methods similar to those in the past. The chronicler of the Council Michelangelo Mariani wrote about the banquet offer on July the twenty fifth, fifteen forty six by cardinal Madruzzo of Trento, and the quote, exquisite wines, whites, rats, and rosés from the hills of Trento and sweet wine from Santa Masinsa. Maiani expanded on this with a precise description of wine production and its importance to the local economy. All or almost all the territory of Trentino, apart from simultaneous and valleys that have no vineyards, produces estimable wines. Both whites and reds, but with a constant effect, wind that coming almost entirely from the slopes makes one truly believe that and maturing for the most part in the reverberation of the soil as well as of the sun. It has the quality of not offending those who do not abuse it by force of quantity. In short, As far as I can see, this is naturally the country of wine so much so that the same goes, quote, wheat for three months and wine for three years. Although it was a neo Georgian, who therefore turned his attention above all to the places where wine was produced. Mariani documented for the first time some of the most widely cultivated wines in the hills surrounding such as gargánico, Moscato, Malvasia, and Martzimina. In this context, the local villa culture was consolidated and had the reputation at least uncealed the Napoleonic expropriation in the eighteenth century of producing wines from indigenous grape varieties such as and From this vine cultivated in Valagarina in the southern part of the province, the so called Muslim wine was produced. Considering among the finest even at Imperial Court of Vienna, and on the tables of the nobility of that time and for being cited in the famous opera, Don Giovanni, quote, pour out the wine Excellent, Martimino. The arrival of the so called American diseases, powdery mildew, downy mildew, phylloxera, marked a setback for local agriculture, but did not discourage the indigenous white rovers of Trentino and South to roll, such as Ludwig von Comini Zonnenburg, who was the first to experiment with the use of powdered sulfur as an effective remedy against powdery mildew in his Bolzano vineyards. The contribution of the istituto Agario di san michele Ladeige founded in eighteen sixty nine also proved to be fundamental. Today, the school is named after Edmund Math, its first director, who is, remember, both for the foundation of the institute and for the impetus he gave to the development of agriculture in Tarantino, and in the possible officer at reconstruction. Despite being recognized along with Hungary as the seller of the Austro Hungarian Empire, Villa culture in a region soon fell into a sharp decline a consequence of war and economic depression. The institute housed in a twelfth century Augusta monastery became a leading voice in the study of Viticulture in the region and in fact the entire country. The Lineboard Center for Agriculture and forestry experimentation has also operated in Southeast roles since nineteen seventy one. Italian wine podcast. If you think you love wine as much as we do, then give us a like and a follow anywhere you get your pods. Both structures represent excellence in wine and by research and experimentation. Gey. Trentino Alto Adige is an almost entirely mountainous region with peaks exceeding three thousand meters above sea level, except for the Ultra Adige Valley floor, the Rotagarina plain and Valagarina. Which are crossed by the river Adije and its tributaries, such as the Noche, Izarko, and Aviso. From a geological point of view, the region belongs to the Alpine system that largely develops along the in Surbic line, A tectonic liniment with a predominantly West East orientation formed by a system of interconnected regional faults, which is in the westernmost part of Latino deviates from its main axis to head southwest along the route between Mirano and Lake Israel. According to scrollers, the line represents a suture, the expression of the earth's surface of the collision between a European and African plates and thus clearly separates two domains characterized by distinct paleogeographical evolutions. To the north, all the outcropping rocks are the result of metamorphic purchases caused by the Alpine Arogyny. While south of the in Subric line, the rocks are sedimentary. The sum of several stratifications, while those outcropping in the Vasugana valley, are metamorphic. In the Vinshgau valley, west of Murano, and in the upper Adije valley, large alluvial conoids have developed at the mouth of each side valley including the Valagarina located between the stretta de Caliano and the stretta de Rivory between Vasugana and is the is made up of rocks originating from explosive volcanic activity while the chain between Ora and Candaro is reaching silica, the silk rock. Above the so called South Girollium porphyry platform, The result of submarine volcanic eruptions in the Permian period, there are conglomerates of red sandstones and thoracic dolomites of marine sedimentation associated with volcanic tufts and to region its deposits. In the valley floor, on the other hand, the outcropping soils are older. And in the Murano and Isaac valleys, they have also metamorphic characteristics. The region was subject to quaternary glaciation, which left its mark on the morphology of soils and glacial deposits, creating suspended valleys, side valleys that join a main glacial valley such as the Valle de Chimbra. Although it is characterized by high average elevations, the region doesn't have the minimum temperatures typical of the alpine area. In fact, General temperatures in January are between negative five degrees and negative ten degrees. While in summer, they reach twenty twenty five degrees. The region can be subdivided into four climatic areas. The sub Mediterranean area, which also includes the AltoGARDA area, and the lower Sarko valley, the mildest in the entire region. The sub continental area with a transitional climate typical of the valley floors with cold snowy winters, the continental area typical of alpine valleys such as the Fassa Valley and finally the alpine area confined to the upper reaches of the tree line. Better culture in the region is, in any case, limited to the valley floors and the lower parts of the better exposed alpine slopes. Although recently, there has been a recovery of old abandoned wine growing areas adding increasingly higher altitudes. In the area of Santa Madarina in Ottawa is cultivated on terrace mountain slopes of moronic origin in sunny and wind protected positions at altitudes of of up to seven hundred meters above sea level. While in terminal south of Bolzano, there are Camina aromatic vineyards cultivated up to one thousand meters above sea level on the slopes of Montemengola on soils formed from on Calcarea's dolomitic detritus, an area in which the wide temperature range allows the vines to achieve their full, varietal and aromatic potential. In the Adige valley which runs from Bolzano to the border with Vanetong. Vine rowing is present on both sides of the valley when the morphology allows it. In the flat part of the valley on South Terrolling territory, fruit growing prevails, while in the transition between Aduaticia and Trrentino and the so called Piano Rotagiana. Vineyards extend to the alluvial plains of the Adice and the Noche rivers, where Taraldigo is cultivated above all descending from Trento towards Roberto Vines are grown on the valley floor where pinot grillo prevails. And on wide dejection cones, the result of ancient landslides and torrential deposits where many vines are cultivated, including chardonnay, for the preparation of sparkling wines based and Magimino around Isera, which finds its ideal habitat on basaltic soils. Leaving the Arrige valley from Trentock towards Lake Carta, one enters the Sarajale known as the Valle de lagi, a landscape with a mild climate that reaches as far as Riva del garda. It is the environment characterized by the sheer cliffs of paganel Lagata and the reach ecosystem of the Telago Basin where one finds small lakes of Carst glacial origin, the coniferous forests of Montebondone and abandoned vines and orchards. Listen to the Italian wine podcast wherever you get your podcasts. We're on SoundCloud, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, EmailIFM, and more. Don't forget to subscribe and break the show. If you enjoy listening, please consider donating through Italian wine podcast dot com. Any amount helps cover equipment, production, and publication until next time. Chichi.
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