Ep. 885 Vine & Prejudice Chapter 5 | Everybody Needs A Bit Of Scienza

Welcome to the Italian wine podcast. This episode is brought to you by Vinitally international wine and spirits exhibition. The fifty fourth edition of Vinitally was held from ten to the thirteenth of April. If you missed it, don't worry. Go to Vineethly plus dot com for on demand recordings of all the sessions from the exhibition. And remember to save the date, the next edition of Vineethly will be held from the second to the fifth of April two thousand and twenty three. Welcome to professoria Tiyoshinsa's newest book translated and narrated by Richard Huff. This latest publication is part of the mama jumbo shrimp series. Entitled, mama jumbo shrimp Guide to Vine and Prejudice, fake science, and the search for the perfect grape. This is a great way to get a sneak peek at the book before it hits the shelves, so listen in and let the geeky knowledge seep into your ears because we all need a little bit of Shinsa. Chapter five. How are vine species identified and classified? The Janice Vites was historically divided into two subgenre, Yovites, and Muscadenia. Within the Yovites subgenre, three groups of species can currently be identified. The first, the American boreal, which includes about twenty eight species, and which offered resistance to cryptographic diseases and phylloxera was used for the creation of rootstocks and resistant hybrids. The second, the Eastern Isiatic group of about forty species, and the third, the Eurasian group, which includes only Vitesvenifera. So what criteria determine the assignment of an individual grapevine to a particular species? Ernest Mayer, the renowned German American epistemologist answered the question in a provocative way stating that the difference between two species is as clear as that between the lion and the tiger. The species never played as important a role in Linias' thought as the Janice, although a creationist, Linias stated in the later editions of his works that only the genre were created initially and that the species were the product of the crossing of the genre. Darwin also viewed the species as something purely arbitrary, an invention by taxonomists for sheer convenience. The transition from a morphological concept of species, which focused on the physical form and external structure to the more biological approach adopted by British naturalist Alfred Wallace was based on the fact that a species is a population occupying a specific niche in nature and reproductively isolated from other species. A new systematic of genus Fritus would be for necessary, which was based on the biological properties of individuals rather than on the physical characteristics, which were used in the past for classification. The terminology must also be adapted by introducing the term ecospecies and ecotype to define the degree of interaction of an individual within a particular habitat and of Coeno species for those species capable of exchanging genes among themselves, an aspect that characterizes sympatric populations. That is two related species or populations that exist in the same geographic area. And so frequently encounter one another. Through breeding, it is thus possible to transform species into populations and remove the differences between Eurasian and North American species. Recomposing that geographical integrity and genetic continuity interrupted by the tectonics of the continents and by glaciations, although the methods of molecular biology have greatly improved the possibility of studying the relationships between species. The results of interspecific hybridization and introgressive hybridization are still difficult to interpret. The frequency of such phenomena calls into question the standard paradigm of evolutionary theory represented by classical phylogenetic models. Spontaneous hybridization or cross breeding events have occurred both in the distant past and more recently. For example, in response to climate change, in particular, the United States The north south orientation of the Rocky Mountains favored the movement of species during the glacial and interglacial periods within the North American continent. The high variability of the physical characteristics of American species of grape has led to the proliferation of one hundred and forty names to describe the sixty five species currently recognized. These numerous synonyms seem to be one of the reasons why the evolutionary relationships within the genus VITas have never been clearly defined to date most of the American taxa are distributed in the eastern and southern states whose geographic boundaries partially overlap. Despite the geographical and neurological barriers that have prevented hybridization between American species and some cases, research in this field dating back to the early years of the twentieth century has highlighted the widespread formation of natural hybrids. For example, in Texas due to its particular climatic conditions, vines belonging to the Vitez Reparia species have been involved in various hybridization processes resulting in the creation of new taxa. Currently, three new hybrid taxa originating in North America have been identified. On the other hand, there is a risk that the genetic resources of some species will diminish. For example, Vitez Montecola and Vitez Generia VAR are increasingly restricted to limited territories and are seriously threatened by the threat of invasive taxa. On the other hand, there is a risk that the genetic resources of some species will diminish. Species that are increasingly restricted to limited territories and are seriously threatened by the spread of invasive taxa. Thanks for listening to this episode of the Italian wine podcast. Brought to you by Vineetri international wine and spirits exhibition, the biggest drinks trade fair in the world. Save the date. The next edition of Vineetri will be held the second through the fifth of April two thousand and twenty three. Remember to subscribe to Italian wine podcast. And catch us on SoundCloud, Spotify, and wherever you get your pods. You can also find us at Italian wine podcast dot com. Jean chain. Hi, guys. I'm Joy Livingston, and I am the producer of the Italian wine podcast. Thank you for listening. We are the only wine podcast that has been doing a daily show since the pandemic began. This is a labor of love and are committed to bringing you free content every day. Of course, this takes time and effort not to mention the cost of equipment, production, and editing. 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